الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 7، 8 نيسان 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #7, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 April 8, 2003 Background Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI) manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the U.N. Oil-for- Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council, that the GOI has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies under OFF that have not yet been delivered. The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis—approximately 60 percent of the total population—rely solely on food rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs. On March 20, 2003, coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF food distribution system. On March 28, the U.N. Security Council unanimously passed a resolution that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq’s OFF program for 45 days. As the U.N. takes over the OFF program, WFP’s first priority is to contact recently active suppliers able to rapidly provide food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies. NUMBERS AT A GLANCE SOURCE Internally Displaced in Iraq 22,000 concentrated near Panjwin 50,036 in Arbil * 188,924 in Dahuk* 27,058 in As Sulaymaniyah* UNOHCI (March 26, 2003) UNOHCI (April 8, 2003) UNOHCI (April 8, 2003) UNOHCI (April 8, 2003) Refugees from Iraq Old caseload refugees: 203,000 – Iran 5,100 – Saudi Arabia 250,000-300,000 – Jordan 40,000 – Syria U.S. Committee for Refugees (2001) *Estimates from April 6 UN OPS survey of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host families, and in open air. Baghdad and Baghdad Governorate International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) assistance to hospitals within the city of Baghdad continues to be constrained by the security situation resulting from the ongoing conflict. The Al Kindi hospital is receiving approximately ten war-wounded patients per hour, stretching the capacity of medical staff. ICRC delivered two metric tons (MT) of medical supplies, including anesthesia, to hospitals in Baghdad to address the surgical needs of 100 war-wounded Iraqis. ICRC provided potable water to several hospitals, including a total of 5,400 litres of drinking water in one-litre bags to the Al Karama and Al Mansour hospitals. The U.N. Office for the Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq reported that hospitals and water stations are relying on back-up generators for power. ICRC staff installed three generators in Anbar, Baghdad Governorate, restoring potable water to 60,000 residents who had been without access since March 29. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has reported unconfirmed reports of 10,000 people heading from Baghdad toward the Iranian border. Umm Qasr On April 4, a U.N. team assessed both potable and non-potable water systems in Umm Qasr, including the pipeline from Kuwait. The team concluded that while potable and non-potable water is accessible throughout the city, quantities are insufficient, especially in hospitals. Incidents of local water tanker drivers selling potable water from the Kuwait-Umm Qasr pipeline continue. The U.N. assessment team confirmed that the Umm Qasr hospital had a three-month supply of essential drugs. However, heavy case-loads of 200-300 patients per week may have significantly reduced stocks. The U.N. reported that 30 public distribution system (PDS) agents remained in Umm Qasr and may be willing to return to work. Current household food stocks are sufficient for two months but lack protein. The U.N. assessment team indicated that WFP will attempt to reinstate the PDS system in Umm Qasr using the existing ration card system. Northern Iraq An April 6 U.N. Office for Project Services (UNOPS) survey identified 266,018 new IDPs in the three northern governorates of Arbil, Dahuk, and As Sulaymaniyah, 89 percent staying with host families, 10 percent in public buildings, and approximately 1 percent in open air. WFP confirmed that the majority of the IDP families have a 15 to 25 day food stock. According to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the Emergency Medical Center in As Sulaymaniyah has admitted eight landmine victims to date. IOM continues to implement mine risk education, permanent mine marking, and explosive ordnance reconnaissance activities in Arbil, Dahuk, and As Sulaymaniyah governorates. A UNOPS assessment of Hawraman in As Sulaymaniyah Governorate indicated that the conflict destroyed 85 houses and damaged an additional 300-350 homes. The water and sewage systems were also damaged. Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector Food WFP has provided a total of 77 MT of dried milk and 850 MT of wheat flour to northern Iraq. WFP distributed 217 MT of wheat flour to distribution agents in the Amadia area of Dahuk to meet the needs of 23,600 beneficiaries. Logistics On April 8 at midday, the Pearl of Fujairah carrying 50,000 metric tons of Australian wheat docked at a military berth in Kuwait City, where 10-15,000 metric tons of wheat will be offloaded. The remaining wheat will be offloaded at a commercial berth in Kuwait in the near future. Internally Displaced UNHCR has received reports that the conflict has displaced 30,000 people from the Amarah area who are staying with relatives close to the Iranian border and may seek to move to Iran if food and water shortages develop. U.S. Government Response Pre-Positioning Prior to Coalition military activity in Iraq, USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) provided funding to assist U.N. and NGO preparedness activities. In addition, USAID/OFDA has pre-positioned relief commodities in three warehouses in Jordan, Kuwait, and UAE. USAID/FFP has supported WFP’s planning and preparation efforts to meet the emergency food needs of vulnerable populations in Iraq. The State Department’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) provided assistance to UNHCR and IOM to pre-position supplies for 600,000 potential Iraqi refugees and IDPs located at Iraq’s borders, to establish transit camps for third country nationals (TCNs) fleeing Iraq, and to pre-position supplies for the transportation of refugees and other migrants. Emergency Relief The United States Government deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) to the region to assess humanitarian needs and coordinate the emergency relief effort. DART members are located in Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. military Civil Affairs personnel at the HOC. USAID/OFDA is supporting NGO emergency assistance activities with quick-impact projects and IDP support. On April 7, the DART approved and obligated $711,850 to provide chronic pharmaceuticals to address diabetes, hypertension, and asthma through the International Dispensary Association (IDA) to one million Iraqis for one month.1 USAID/FFP has provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust to WFP to meet the food needs of vulnerable Iraqis. USAID/FFP has also provided P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to be distributed to food insecure Iraqis and cash to WFP for the purchase commodities in the region. USAID/OTI has supported IOM and Development Alternatives, Incorporated (DAI) to prepare for the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI), which supports political stabilization and community recovery activities in post-conflict Iraq. On April 3, USAID/OTI signed a one-year cooperative agreement with IOM to continue support for ITI, bringing total assistance to IOM to $1.7 million. 1 New funding information is underlined. State/PRM has contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, ICRC, IFRC, and IOM. Reconstruction To date, USAID’s Bureau for Asia and the Near East (USAID/ANE) has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq. USAID/ANE has supported UNICEF and WHO for health, education, and water and sanitation needs, and Stevedoring Services of America (SSA) to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port. In mid-March, USAID/ANE awarded a contract to International Resources Group (IRG) for $7 million to provide planning, monitoring, coordination, management, and reporting on USAID’s reconstruction and rehabilitation activities in Iraq. IRG’s services will include support in a variety of sectors, including education, health, agriculture, civil society strengthening, and infrastructure. Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* DONOR US $ (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $29.6 $4.4 $5.9 March 21 March 20 --- 100,000 MT of wheat and distribution costs U.N. Agencies and ICRC Planning and preparation funding CIDA $67.5 March 26 U.N. agencies, international organizations (IOs), NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, shelter, and health Canada $3.82 ----- Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal China March 27 Tents Republic of $2.75 April 3 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification Croatia disinfectants European Union $3.2 March 21 ICRC France $10.7 Humanitarian Assistance Germany $10.7 U.N. Agencies and ICRC Ireland $0.8 March 20 UN OCHA $15.9 U.N. Agencies for planning and preparation Japan $112.5 March 25 Humanitarian Assistance and Reconstruction Korea $10 April 3 U.N. Agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait March 24 45,000 meals/day and an emergency medical center Netherlands $19.6 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $3.3 March 20 U.N. Agencies, IOs, and NGOs for humanitarian relief Norway $21.6 March 20 NGOs for humanitarian assistance Russia March 22-23 150 MT humanitarian supplies for refugee preparation in Iran Spain $20.0 March 27 Refugee assistance in Iran, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, NFIs United $330 March 24 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs -- food, health kits, water units, Kingdom winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE**.....................................................................................$676.5 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from ReliefWeb and may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the "How Can I Help" section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> "How Can I Help?" o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. 2 In previous Fact Sheets, dollar figures were incorrectly reported in Canadian rather than U.S. dollars. U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ...........................................................................................................................................$41,780,632 Administrative Costs Administrative $198,046 AirServ Logistics Country-wide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Country-wide $40,260 IDA Health Country-wide $711,850 IMC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 IMC Capacity building Country-wide $202,900 InterAction Coordination Country-Wide $92,860 IOM IDP programs Country-wide $5,000,000 IRC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 Logistics Commodity prepositioning and DART support $6,300,000 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 NGOs Cooperative agreements Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US NGO Consortium Country-wide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $200,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $1,000,000 WFP Logistics and preposition of food Country-wide $5,000,000 USAID/FFP ..............................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Prepositioning funding $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT $84,000,000 P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities –105,000 MT $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ..................................................................................................................................................$2,333,612 IOM ITI Country-wide $1,700,000 DAI ITI Country-wide $473,253 Internews Media Country-wide $160,359 STATE/PRM..............................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency refugee assistance $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance $2,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ..............................................................................................................................................$30,900,000 IRG Reconstruction Support $7,100,000 UNICEF Health, Education $9,000,000 WHO Health $10,000,000 SSA Port Management $4,800,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.......................................................................$505,014,244 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................$36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.........................................................$541,644,244 *Factsheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq