الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 15، 18 نيسان 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #15, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 April 18, 2003 Background • Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI) manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the U.N. Oil-for- Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. • Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. • Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council (UNSC), that the GOI has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies under OFF that have not yet been delivered. • The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis—approximately 60 percent of the total population—rely solely on food rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs. • On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF food distribution system. On March 28, the UNSC unanimously passed resolution 1472 that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq’s OFF program for 45 days (until May 12). As the U.N. takes over the OFF program, WFP’s first priority is to contact recently active suppliers able to rapidly provide food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies. NUMBERS AT A GLANCE SOURCE Internally Displaced in Iraq • 3,414 in Arbil* • 6,379 in Dahuk* • 54 in As Sulaymaniyah* • 3,000 in Badrah UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 17, 2003) Refugees from Iraq U.S. Committee for Refugees (2001) Old caseload refugees: • 203,000 – Iran • 5,100 – Saudi Arabia • 250,000-300,000 – Jordan • 40,000 – Syria *Estimates of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host families, and in open air. Baghdad and Baghdad Governorate • In Baghdad, WFP staff mobility remains limited due to insecurity and the current lack of fuel. Southern Iraq • The April 16 UNSECOORD assessment of An Nasiriyah indicated that the security situation is stable and that looting has ended. The assessment confirmed that traffic police returned to work on April 17, and children are scheduled to return to school on April 20. The electrical power plant is not operational. The hospital is operational, however, information regarding stocks of medical supplies is unavailable. Bus and taxi services have been restored, indicating that an ample supply of fuel may exist. Market activities have resumed. Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector Food • On April 16, two WFP convoys departed, one from Amman, Jordan the other from Kermanshah, Iran en route to Baghdad and As Sulaymaniyah, Iraq respectively. The convoy from Amman includes 50 trucks carrying more than 1,400 metric tons of wheat flour. This is the first WFP convoy since the onset of the conflict to cross the border from Jordan into Iraq. Humanitarian Assistance • According to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) on April 17, a gradual return of law and order in most parts of the Iraq has occurred during the past few days, allowing an increase in humanitarian assessments and smaller-scale relief assistance. Many humanitarian organizations will return to Iraq as soon as the security situation permits. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 18, 2003 Population Movements • The U.N. and the Government of Jordan agreed to provide emergency assistance to more than 200 Iranian refugees stranded on the Iraqi-Jordanian border after being initially refused entry into a transit camp inside Jordan. According to UNHCR, the Iranian Kurds fled Al Tah camp, located 120 km west of Baghdad. Approximately 14,000 Iranian refugees remain in Al Tah. U.S. Government Response Deployment • The United States Government deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) to the region to assess humanitarian needs and coordinate the emergency relief effort. DART members are located in Iraq, Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and in coordination with U.S. military Civil Affairs personnel at the Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC). • A five-person team, including health, water, and sanitation experts, will travel to An Nasiriyah to assess the humanitarian situation from April 18 to 19. DART Team North entered Iraq on April 18 and spent the night in Dahuk, en route to Arbil. The DART will establish a field office in Arbil to coordinate and support humanitarian activities with Civil Affairs, international organizations, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). A representative of AusAid, the Australian aid agency, is traveling with DART Team North as part of the seven- person team. • On March 16, USAID deployed 24 staff to the region to prepare for reconstruction efforts. Pre-Positioning • Prior to Coalition military activity in Iraq, USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) provided funding to assist U.N. and NGO preparedness activities. In addition, USAID/OFDA has pre-positioned relief commodities in three warehouses in Jordan, Kuwait, and UAE. • USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) has supported WFP’s planning and preparation efforts to meet the emergency food needs of vulnerable populations in Iraq. • The State Department’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) provided assistance to the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and International Organization for Migration (IOM) to pre-position supplies for 600,000 potential Iraqi refugees and IDPs located at Iraq’s borders, to establish transit camps for third country nationals (TCNs) fleeing Iraq, and to pre-position supplies for the transportation of refugees and other migrants. • As part of the USG contingency plan for Iraq, USAID’s Asia and Near East Bureau (USAID/ANE) began the process for limited competitive procurement for eight contracts, including seaport management, airport management, logistics, capital construction, education, local governance, health, and staff support. Emergency Relief • USAID/OFDA is supporting NGO emergency assistance activities with quick-impact projects and IDP support. • USAID/OFDA obligated more than $2.5 million for administrative and travel costs on April 10 that have been in progress for during the past few months. • USAID/FFP provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. • USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) supported IOM and Development Alternatives, Incorporated (DAI) to prepare for the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI), which supports political stabilization and community recovery activities in post-conflict Iraq. • State/PRM contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, ICRC, the FRC, and IOM. Reconstruction • To date, USAID’s Bureau for Asia and the Near East (USAID/ANE) provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq. USAID/ANE supported the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) for health, education, and water and sanitation needs, Stevedoring Services of America (SSA) to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port, Creative Associates International to address education issues, the Research Triangle Institute to pursue local governance initiatives, and the Air Force Contract Augmentation Program (AFCAP) to provide logistical support to all USAID/ANE operations. • USAID/ANE awarded a contract for emergency infrastructure repair and rehabilitation to Bechtel National, in an initial amount of $34.6 million. The contract calls for the repair and rehabilitation of vital elements of Iraq’s infrastructure, including assessment and repair of power generation facilities, electrical grids, municipal water systems, and sewage systems. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 18, 2003 Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* DONOR US $ (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $60 April 12 100,000 MT of wheat and distribution costs, U.N. Agencies and ICRC, planning and preparation funding, reconstruction CIDA $67.5 March 26 U.N. agencies, international organizations (IOs), NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, shelter, and health Canada $3.8 ----- Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal China March 27 Tents Republic of $2.75 April 3 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification Croatia disinfectants European Commission $22.5 April 9 ICRC, UNICEF, CARE, Première Urgence, and OCHA for medical, water and sanitation, health, and coordination. France $10.7 Humanitarian Assistance Germany $11.77 April 8 UNHCR and ICRC India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $55.3 April 15 U.N. Agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Japan $100 April 9 Humanitarian Assistance Korea $10 April 3 U.N. Agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait March 24 45,000 meals/day and an emergency medical center Netherlands $19.6 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $3.3 March 20 U.N. Agencies, IOs, and NGOs for humanitarian relief Norway $21.6 March 20 NGOs for humanitarian assistance Russia March 22-23 150 MT humanitarian supplies for refugee preparation in Iran Spain $20.0 March 27 Refugee assistance in Iran, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, NFIs United $330 March 24 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, water units, Kingdom winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE**........................................................................................$713 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from ReliefWeb and may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information • The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the "How Can I Help" section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. • USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. • General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> "How Can I Help?" o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 18, 2003 U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ...........................................................................................................................................$47,241,678 Administrative CostsAdministrative $3,159,092 AirServ Logistics Country-wide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Country-wide $40,260 IDA Health Country-wide $711,850 IMC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 IMC Capacity building Country-wide $202,900 InterAction Coordination Country-wide $92,860 IOM IDP programs Country-wide $5,000,000 IRC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 Logistics Commodity pre-positioning and DART support Country-wide $6,300,000 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 NGOs Cooperative agreements Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US NGO Consortium Country-wide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $200,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $1,000,000 WFP Logistics and preposition of food Country-wide $5,000,000 World Vision Quick-impact projects Country-wide $2,500,000 USAID/FFP ..............................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Pre-positioning funding $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT $84,000,000 P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities –105,000 MT $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ..................................................................................................................................................$2,333,612 IOM ITI Country-wide $1,700,000 DAI ITI Country-wide $473,253 Internews Media Country-wide $160,359 STATE/PRM..............................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency refugee assistance $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance $2,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ..............................................................................................................................................$78,400,000 AFCAP Logistics $4,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction $34,600,000 IRG Reconstruction Support $7,100,000 RTI Local Governance $7,900,000 CAII Education $1,000,000 UNICEF Health, Education $9,000,000 WHO Health $10,000,000 SSA Port Management $4,800,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003....................................................................... $557,975,290 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................ $36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003......................................................... $594,605,290