الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 34، 15 أيار 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #34, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 May 15, 2003 Current Situation (Updated Daily) Sector Updates Food The U.S. Government’s Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) reports that the Ministry of Trade (MOT) and the World Food Program (WFP) are expecting the first nationwide Public Distribution System (PDS) distribution to begin in June. During June, Iraq will begin with a clean slate and food distributions for the actual month will occur. WFP is using the month of May to provide missing commodities in the food rations already distributed within the nine southern governorates. The commodities to be provided during May include wheat flour, rice, and vegetable oil, but the exact needs vary by location. The DART estimates that there will be shortfalls in powdered milk for the June food rations, an important commodity in the southern Iraqi food basket. The DART reports that the M/V Rise completed its discharge of rice on May 14. In view of the Umm Qasr port’s improved performance, WFP is encouraging more ship owners to use the Umm Qasr port. WFP expects to berth another vessel containing rice in Umm Qasr around May 20 and will continue to use the port as conditions permit. WFP reported to the DART that food distributions in Mosul took place on May 12. WFP provided 40 metric tons (MT) of food commodities to hospitals, an elders' house, and a girls' orphanage. Ministry of Trade (MOT) personnel started the distributions of the general food rations on the same day in order to cover 30 percent of the population who did not receive their September-October food entitlement. Health On May 14, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the lack of security is becoming an acute problem for the health system in Iraq. WHO reports that hospitals and other health facilities are not protected; water pumping stations are still being looted; warehouses and distribution networks are not secure; doctors and nurses cannot safely carry out their work; and people cannot get safe access to health care. The DART reports that surveillance is the cornerstone of disease outbreak control. Because of the destruction of the Department of Public Health Laboratory in Al Basrah by looting, only a passive surveillance system exists that does not cover all hospitals and clinics. The DART met with the Cholera Task Force to facilitate the funding of laboratory re-agents, culture media, and other essential laboratory supplies that would jump-start the laboratory surveillance. The DART is assisting, through International Medical Corps (IMC), in providing supplies for laboratories in Al Basrah. Infrastructure USAID reports that the U.N. Development Program (UNDP) has engaged a dredger to deepen births 1-8 at the Umm Qasr port. This dredging is based on past and current engineering studies at the port and is coordinated with USAID-financed dredging at the port by the Port Authority (British Coalition forces, Stevedoring Services of America (SSA), Great Lakes (a Bechtel sub-contractor) and the UNDP contractor). The dredging is financed by a $3 million grant from the Government of Japan to UNDP. According to the Coalition Joint Task Force, passenger rail service between Baghdad and Al Basrah is operating daily in each direction. Passenger service has also been running on a regular basis between Baghdad and Mosul. Water and Sanitation The DART reports that UNICEF is procuring 50 tons of chlorine to supplement dwindling supplies in Al Basrah and has provided the Al Basrah water utility authority with new chlorinators to replace older malfunctioning devices. In addition, an active health education program is now being launched to improve personal hygiene and promote hand washing. U.S. Government Response (New information is underlined) Emergency Relief USAID/OFDA is supporting U.N. and NGO emergency assistance activities through quick-impact projects and IDP support. USAID/OFDA supports projects in the sectors of agriculture, food security, health, logistics, nutrition, shelter, and water/sanitation. The DART has approved an implementation plan under USAID/OFDA's cooperative agreement with the International Medical Corps (IMC) to restore four looted health clinics in Kirkuk to operating condition. IMC Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - May 15, 2003 will supply health kits from OFDA regional stockpiles, including essential drugs and equipment, as well as provide repairs to essential water, sewage, electricity and other basic needs such as doors and windows. IMC will also provide furniture and medical examination equipment to replace the equipment that was looted. The DART has approved an implementation plan under USAID/OFDA's cooperative agreement with Save the Children/US (SC/US) to register and track internally displaced person (IDP) concentrations in Al Basrah governorate; assess their basic needs; and provide them with assistance as appropriate including food, emergency shelter, non-food items, and protection. SC/US will also assist in voluntary returns as appropriate. SC/US estimates this implementation plan will benefit 10,000 IDPs. USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) is providing emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) is supporting the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI). The ITI program supports the process of political stabilization and community recovery in post- conflict Iraq by providing small grants designed to build confidence among Iraq's diverse ethnic groups, increase citizen participation in decision-making, and rapidly respond to community needs, while establishing and building trust for long term reconstruction efforts. The ITI program is implemented through Development Alternatives Incorporated (DAI) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). USAID/OTI is supporting a month-long community clean-up program in four neighborhoods in the former Saddam City benefiting 16,000 people. The program will create temporary employment (three days employment for each person employed during the one month program) for workers to clean up and haul away garbage, sewage, and debris from the streets, alleys, and public spaces as well as repair broken sewer pumps and pipes. Total funding for this program is $280,000. USAID/OTI is supporting the emergency provision of approximately 3,000 tons of special cement that will reinforce the Mosul dam foundation and interior core for up to two months, as well as obtaining a shipment of turbine oil for the generators and sulfuric acid for the control room batteries. Total support for Mosul dam is approximately $144,000. Mosul dam, the largest in Iraq, has structural problems that threaten its integrity. Additionally, its generators, which provide power to around 1.7 million people, are in danger of burning out due to a shortage of turbine lubricating oil. The Department of State’s Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Reconstruction In addition to the emergency relief assistance provided through the DART by USAID and the Department of State, USAID’s Asia and Near East Bureau (USAID/ANE) has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq in a broad range of sectors. USAID supports reconstruction projects in education, governance, health, infrastructure, and logistics. Infrastructure USAID private sector partner Bechtel is looking to make repairs to the Kharza bridge, which will be instrumental to the transport of humanitarian food and fuel assistance from Jordan. Bechtel is looking into different engineering designs and work is scheduled to begin immediately after design selection. The assessment of power plants and substations in Baghdad and the Al Basrah Governorate is ongoing. USAID is working to distribute necessary chemicals to power stations in the southern Iraq and Baghdad. An air assessment of the national power system is scheduled for May 15. Bechtel is scheduled to meet with the manager of the southern Iraq Railroads to determine inventory and needs for the railroad line that runs from Umm Qasr to Al Basrah. Umm Qasr Port USAID air and sea ports project manager is meeting with the former Iraqi Port Authority Staff and Bechtel to coordinate efforts on the port rehabilitation. A magnetron, which is used to locate sunken vessels, is due to arrive at the Umm Qasr port on May 17. This piece of equipment will facilitate the task of clearing the channel so larger ships can reach the port with humanitarian supplies. Local Governance USAID local governance partner, Research Triangle Institute (RTI), and education partner, Creative Associates International (CAII), will travel to southern Iraq May 17-20 to make initial USAID local small grants in Al Basrah. These grants will be in sectors such as school renovation and repair and security packages. Two RTI representatives deployed to Baghdad continue to serve as principal participants in meetings with representatives of Baghdad's municipal districts in their discussions on the concept of neighborhood meetings and advisory groups. Health Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - May 15, 2003 USAID health project manager is working on an implementation plan for a national immunization day, possibly to be held at the end of June. USAID private sector partner for health, Abt Associates, arrived in Kuwait City on May 15 and will meet with the USAID health project manager in Kuwait City on May 16 to coordinate with Abt on creating a list of priorities. WHO epidemiologists are developing reporting and recording documents as part of the health information system (HIS) in an effort to detect outbreaks early on. This system will be implemented first in Al Basrah in collaboration with the Iraqi Director of Public Health. WHO now has representatives in Baghdad and Mosul and are reestablishing their national operations. Background Since 1991, the Iraqi population has subsisted on the brink of a humanitarian disaster due to the lingering effects of war, sanctions, and drought. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons in northern Iraq. In 1996, the Government of Iraq accepted the U.N. Oil-for-Food Program, after which humanitarian conditions improved. Revenues from the OFF program provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis through the Public Distribution System. However, widespread corruption by Iraqi officials limited the effectiveness of the OFF program. On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. On May 1, 2003, 42 days after the conflict began, U.S. President George W. Bush announced that combat operations in Iraq have ended. Although the recent conflict did not result in the large-scale humanitarian crisis and widespread displacement many had envisioned, the conflict and subsequent disorder has exacerbated the Iraqi population's vulnerable circumstances. In March 2003, the United States Government deployed a multi-agency Disaster Assistance Response Team to the region to assess and respond to humanitarian needs and to help coordinate the emergency relief effort. In Iraq, the DART has established offices in Al Basrah, Arbil, Baghdad, and Al Hillah. In addition, DART members are located in Kuwait, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, Non- Governmental Organizations, and in coordination with U.S. Military Civil Affairs personnel. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - May 15, 2003 Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* DONOR US $ (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $64.9 April 29 U.N. agencies, ICRC, and NGOs Austria $1.1 April 1 UNICEF Bangladesh $2 April 4 Food Assistance Belgium $4.4 April 29 ICRC, UNICEF Canada $74.6 March 26 WFP, UNICEF, UNHCR, OCHA, ICRC, NGOs China March 27 Tents Croatia $2.8 May 2 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification disinfectants European $117.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs Commission Finland $5.13 March 25 ICRC, UN OCHA, WFP France $10.7 UNICEF, WFP, NGOs Germany $50 May 5 UNHCR, WFP, ICRC Greece $4.6 May 5 UNHCR, ICRC, NGOs Iceland $3.75 April 8 ICRC, NGOs, UNCHR, WFP India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $5.1 March 31 U.N. agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Japan $212 May 1 U.N. Agencies, NGOs, Bilateral Assistance Korea $10 April 3 U.N. agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait $30 March 14 UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF, ICRC Netherlands $20.5 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $2.3 April 22 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs Spain $56.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, bilateral refugee assistance, and NGOs Sweden $38 April 11 OCHA, UNICEF, ICRC, IFRC Switzerland $21.9 April 16 ICRC, UNCHR, IOM, IFRC, OCHA Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, nonfood items United Kingdom $382 April 29 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE** ............................................................................................$1,144 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from the Department of State tracking of donor government pledged or committed funding. The list may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the “How Can I Help” section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> “How Can I Help?” o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - May 15, 2003 U.S. Government Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance to Iraq Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ...........................................................................................................................................$51,232,905 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $3,406,209 AirServ Logistics Countrywide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Countrywide $40,260 International Dispensary Association Health Countrywide $711,850 InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860 IOM IDP programs Countrywide $5,000,000 IMC Capacity building Countrywide $202,900 Logistics Commodities and DART support Countrywide $8,044,110 SCF/US NGO Consortium Countrywide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Countrywide $1,200,000 WFP Logistics and pre-positioning of food Countrywide $5,000,000 Cooperative Agreements IMC Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Nutrition, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 Health Al Basrah, Maysan, Wasit, Kirkuk Health, Water/Sanitation An Nasiriyah IRC Quick-impact projects: Health, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects: Health, Non- Food Items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk Water/Sanitation Diyala SCF/US Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Shelter, Nutrition, Non-Food Items, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 Nutrition Mosul Health, Transportation Mosul Non-Food items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Al Basrah World Vision Quick-impact projects: Health, Logistics, Non-Food Items Countrywide $2,500,000 Water/Sanitation Al Anbar Hospital Rehabilitation Al Anbar CARE Quick-impact projects Countrywide $4,000,000 Water System Rehabilitation Al Anbar Blankets, Hygiene Kits Baghdad USAID/FFP ..............................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Pre-positioning funding Countrywide $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT Countrywide $84,000,000 WFP P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 105,000 MT Countrywide $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase Countrywide $200,000,000 Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - May 15, 2003 Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF (cont.) USAID/OTI ..................................................................................................................................................$5,042,344 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $708,732 IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Umm Qasr $1,700,000 DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Baghdad, Mosul, Umm Qasr $2,473,253 Internews Media Countrywide $160,359 STATE/PRM..............................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency assistance Countrywide $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance Countrywide $2,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ..............................................................................................................................................$95,700,000 ABT Health Countrywide $10,000,000 AFCAP Logistics Countrywide $8,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction Countrywide, Mosul, Arbil, Umm Qasr, Baghdad, Al Basrah $34,600,000 IRG Reconstruction Support Countrywide $9,800,000 RTI Local Governance Countrywide, Al Basrah, Baghdad $7,900,000 CAII Education Countrywide, Al Basrah $1,000,000 UNICEF Health Countrywide $8,000,000 UNICEF Education Countrywide $1,000,000 WHO Health Countrywide, Mosul, Baghdad $10,000,000 SSA Port Management Umm Qasr $2,900,000 SkyLink Logistics Baghdad $2,500,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 .......................................................................$581,975,249 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................$36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.........................................................$618,605,249