الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 49، 16 حزيران 2003

Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #48, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 June 16, 2003 • Current Humanitarian Situation (updated twice a week) Sector Updates Coordination • On June 15, the Kuwait Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC) officially became the Humanitarian Assistance Center (HAC). Some of the functions facilitated through the HOC will remain, such as immigration and NGO registration. In March 2003, the HOC in Kuwait City was established, funded by the Government of Kuwait, and staffed by a variety of Coalition technical experts fro m the United Kingdom, U.S., and Kuwait, working together to provide humanitarian assistance to the people of Iraq. Food Public Distribution • According to a June 13 World Food Program (WFP) report, the June public food distribution (PDS) continues to progress well, with Ministry of Trade (MOT) distributions in all 18 governorates proceeding without hindrance. MOT officials indicated that higher than expected transportation costs have forced some food agents to charge more than the allowed 250 Iraqi dinar per person per ration. In Baghdad, the MOT indicated that 60 percent of food agents have picked up food rations to date, indicating that more than 3 million people in the capital have received or will receive in the near future their food baskets. In other governorates, the MOT reported that overall distribution has ranged from 39 to 75 percent of the food basket delivered. • According to United State Government (USG) Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART ), in Babil governorate, a total of 3,755 metric tons of food commodities have been distributed through 796 food agents to 502,082 beneficiaries. In Al Qadisiyah governorate, 3,888 metric tons of food commodities were released through 509 food agents to 398,214 beneficiaries, while in Al Basrah 19,295 metric tons were distributed to 1,249,589 beneficiaries. This represents 63 percent of the June PDS requirement in Al Basrah. In Maysan governorate, 5,744 metric tons were distributed to 468,961 beneficiaries, representing 42 percent of the requirement, and in Al Muthanna governorate some 4,820 metric tons were distributed to 272,866 beneficiaries. This represents 52 percent of the June PDS requirement in Al Muthanna governorate. • According to the DART, public distributions are proceeding in both Kirkuk and Mosul. Kirkuk has completed approximately 40% of wheat flour and other commodities – except rice, which is just beginning. Mosul has distributed approximately 50% of wheat flour, 25% of other commodities, and is also just beginning rice distributions. Local Purchase • The UN Office of Iraq Programs (OIP) signed the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) proposal for the local purchase of barley on June 12th. FAO will use the same mechanisms for the procurement of barley that the WFP is using for the procurement of wheat. Pipeline • WFP is confident that sufficient quantities of cereals, rice, pulses, and oil will arrive in Iraq on time for the July distributions. As of June 11th, approximately 77% of July cereals, 68% of rice, 44% of pulses, and 30% of oil had been dispatched into Iraq. Dispatches for the PDS from the Kuwait/Iraq corridor will stop for a few days. No more ships are due into Umm Qasr until June 18. • A recent United Nations Joint Logistics Cell (UNJLC) mission to the Jordanian/Iraqi border crossing point of Al-Karamah reported that eastbound traffic into Iraq was flowing relatively well, with 500 trucks crossing daily and an average border waiting time of between 3 and 4 hours. There were delays, however, on the westbound route into Jordan with a 5.5 km-long queue of up to 350 trucks. Many of the trucks had been waiting for 3 or 4 days to cross into Jordan. According to UNJLC observers, the causes of the delays seem to be the lack of a dedicated humanitarian lane into Jordan (there is one into Iraq) and an increase in civilian and commercial traffic, especially during the Jordanian weekend. Fuel • According to UNJLC, domestic production of gasoline is providing only about 50 percent of Iraq’s total daily requirement and distribution remains uneven. For example, gasoline availability in Baghdad exceeds pre- conflict levels but has declined in many other areas of the country. Domestic production has increased to the highest level since the end of the conflict; however, unavailability of gasoline is creating tensions and potential Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 security problems for Coalition forces. A key additive used in the domestic production of gasoline is Tetra Ethylene Lead (TEL), as Iraq still uses leaded rather than unleaded gasoline. The UNJLC, in conjunction with the OFF program in New York, has expedited the acquisition of 6,500 metric tons of TEL from the United Kingdom and Russia with expected arrival dates in Iraq during the last week of June and early July. Refugee Returns • According to UNHCR/Iran, approximately 50 percent of Iran's 200,000 Iraqi refugees live in the Khuzestan province in the southwestern region of Iran, along the border with southern Iraq. Nearly three-quarters of Khuzestan's Iraqis are not staying in camps, but live among the local population, especially in and around the provincial capital, Ahwaz. Iran has by far the largest caseload of registered Iraqi refugees in the world. Many of these Iraqi refugees crossed into Iran more than 10 years ago, when Saddam Hussein's regime retaliated against the Shi'ite uprising in southern Iraq following the end of the 1991 Gulf War. Estimates are that up to 1.3 million Iraqis fled their homeland at that time. For the past few weeks, these Iraqi refugees have been in a state of high expectation that they can return to their homes. In the camps of Khuzestan, refugees are talking of nothing but news from Iraq. In Beheshti, where building work is underway to improve the camp's infrastructure, the refugees say the construction work is not needed because what they want is to return immediately to Iraq. • In preparation for possible repatriations to the south-central region of Iraq, the DART reviewed refugee repatriation issues with local leadership, NGOs, and WFP in Al Anbar, Babil, Karbala, An Najaf, Al Qadisiyah, Wasit, and Al Muthanna governorates. Most basic service sectors are operational in the larger cities of the 7 governorates assessed, including water, electricity, food, and health. Security • Security remains a major problem at the Umm Qasr port, and in the last week has become even more problematic. On June 10, a WFP representative reported that looting of broken wheat flour bags had started with the recent discharge of WFP’s ship the M/V Nanking, and continued with the discharge of the M/V Orbit. During the night of June 9, a truck pulled up to the port area where the ships were offloading and proceeded to fill the truck with five to eight metric tons of wheat flour. During the day of June 10, the looting further intensified when men, armed with pistols and grenades, carried away whole bags of wheat flour from the M/V Orbit. Arrangements are being made to train Iraqi veterans to provide security. Water and Sanitation • On June 12, UNICEF reported that it dispatched teams of workers to fix blocked sewage lines and clean up piles of refuse in many areas of Baghdad. To date, more than 1.5 million people have benefited from UNICEF’s services in the Karada, Al-Rasheed, Al-Obaidi, and Al-Huriya neighborhoods of the capital. In addition, UNICEF is currently repairing 28 out of 256 sewage pumping stations, and collecting garbage in municipalities throughout Baghdad. In Iraq, UNICEF benefits from USAID humanitarian and reconstruction funding. Current Reconstruction Situation (updated twice a week) Regional Updates Southern Iraq • USAID’s agriculture advisor arrived in Kuwait to prepare for a technical assessment of Iraq’s Marshlands. The visit will be the first extended on-the-ground assessment in nearly two decades. The goals of this initial reconnaissance mission are to work out local logistics for follow-on work, begin data collection to develop a rolling action plan for the program, and set the stage for a larger and longer visit by technical teams in July. The team is coordinating with the Army Corps of Engineers and the Ministry of Irrigation. Sector Updates Education • USAID and USAID private sector partners, Creative Associates International (CAII) and Bechtel have identified schools in low -income communities in Al Basrah for reconstruction and refurbishment. A cluster of 18 schools have been agreed upon and identified in Al Basrah’s poorest neighborhood. Formal school reconstruction agreements were made on June 14 during a meeting between USAID, Bechtel, CAII, RTI, the Army Corps of Engineers, and the Coalition civil affairs officers. The proposal is that the school reconstruction activity in Al Basrah will begin in the following weeks and the methodology being tested in this Governorate will serve as the model for other regions. Infrastructure Airports • The USAID Mission reported that the target date for opening the Baghdad International Airport (BIAP) is July 1, 2003. USAID private sector partner, Skylink, has been mobilizing the local Iraqi labor force to get many of the basic functions in the terminal, such as water and electricity, up and running. USA ID private sector partner, Bechtel, purchased and delivered a 6.5 megawatts generator, which is scheduled to be wired and ready within 7 days. Working with the Iraq Ministry of Interior, Bechtel is progressing with work on the communications Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet functions, including getting the tower, radios and redundant systems operating. A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is nearing completion to allow international air traffic to flow from Kuwait. U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) officials are in Iraq to standardize immigration and customs procedures. - June 16, 2003 Port • On June 13, USAID private sector partner Bechtel, through the work of the subcontractor, Titon, used a crane to lift a small, sunken motor launch from berth 8. The launch sank approximately 4 weeks ago and allegedly belongs to the Iraqi Port Authority. Bechtel reported that the motor launch was in the way of port traffic and that the port needed the berth space. U.S. Government Response (New information is underlined) Emergency Relief • USAID/Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) is supporting U.N. and NGO emergency assistance activities through quick-impact projects and internally displaced persons (IDP) support. USAID/OFDA supports projects in the sectors of agriculture, food security, health, logistics, nutrition, shelter, and water and sanitation. • DART has approved an implementation plan under OFDA’s cooperative agreement with the International Rescue Committee (IRC) to execute water and sanitation activities in Kirkuk, Karbala, and Najaf, including collection of solid waste in 6 districts and cleaning of the sewage network in Kirkuk; repair 42 compact water treatment plants in Karbala, Najaf, and Kirkuk; distribution of 14,000 hygiene kits in Karbala, Najaf and Kirkuk; and distribution of 3,000 Plastic hygienic latrines in Karbala and Najaf. In addition, IRC will support 4 clinics in Kirkuk and 8 in Karbala and Najaf, and will conduct community outreach campaigns to address emergency issues such as hygiene and community sanitation in these areas. IRC will provide training and support of 68 clinicians and midwifes on maternal & child health in Kirkuk, Karbala, and Najaf. • USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) is providing emergency food commodities through the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust (BEHT) and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. • USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) is supporting the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI). The ITI program supports the process of political stabilization and community recovery in post-conflict Iraq by providing small grants designed to build confidence among Iraq's diverse ethnic groups, increase citizen participation in decision-making, and rapidly respond to community needs, while establishing and building trust for long term reconstruction efforts. The ITI program is implemented through Development Alternatives International (DAI) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). In addition, USAID/OTI works with the Broadcasting Board of Governors to enhance the capacity of Radio SAWA to broadcast humanitarian and reconstruction reporting. • USAID/OTI inspected renovation work at the Kirkuk Central Fire station. Internal painting, replacement of doors, windows, and the electrical system is complete. Work on the housing for the emergency generator is well underway. Furniture and other equipment will be delivered the week of June 16. This station houses 71 firemen and has one functioning truck. • On June 1, USAID/OTI delivered a “ministry-in-a-box” kit to the Central Bank of Iraq, enabling the Bank’s core staff to participate in OCPA’s efforts to provide salary payments to government personnel. Similar kits, consisting of furniture, office supplies and equipment adequate to meet the needs of 100 people, are being distributed throughout June and July to over 30 Iraqi Ministries, utility commissions, and Baghdad municipal offices. • USAID/OTI completed renovation of the Iraqi Media Network (IMN) building on June 15. The site was heavily damaged and looted following the war -- seriously impeding the IMN’s ability to develop, edit and broadcast radio and TV content. OTI cleared rubble from the site; restored the 4 buildings to their pre-war condition; and added special air conditioning units needed to ensure the reliability of broadcast equipment. • The Department of State’s Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Reconstruction • In addition to the emergency relief assistance provided through the DART by USAID and the Department of State, USAID’s Asia and Near East Bureau (USAID/ANE) has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq in a broad range of sectors. USAID supports reconstruction projects in education, governance, health, infrastructure, and logistics. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 • Bechtel reported that additional portions of a partially collapsed bridge on Highway 10 (the main route in and out of Iraq via Jordan) fell the night of June 14. USAID authorized Bechtel to mobilize equipment to remove the damaged bridge; the estimated cost of demolition is $675,000. • In Baghdad, Bechtel plans a $12 million program to add 45% to potable water flow to east Baghdad and a 15% increase overall in the city. • In the south, Bechtel will rehabilitate 8 water treatment facilities and pump stations supplying the Al Basrah area. • USAID will fund UNICEF in support of end-of-the-year school testing. The exams will take place from mid- June to mid-July throughout Iraq. A two-day meeting to address the testing process recently concluded in Al Basrah. Background • Since 1991, the Iraqi population has subsisted on the brink of a humanitarian disaster due to the lingering effects of war, sanctions, and drought. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons in northern Iraq. • In 1996, the Government of Iraq accepted the U.N. Oil-for-Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. Revenues from the OFF program provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis through the Public Distribution System. However, widespread corruption by Iraqi officials limited the effectiveness of the OFF program. • On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. On May 1, 2003, 42 days after the conflict began, U.S. President George W. Bush announced that combat operations in Iraq had ended. Although the recent conflict did not result in the large-scale humanitarian crisis and widespread displacement many had envisioned, the conflict and subsequent disorder has exacerbated the Iraqi population's vulnerable circumstances. • In March 2003, the United States Government deployed a multi-agency Disaster Assistance Response Team to the region to assess and respond to humanitarian needs and to help coordinate the emergency relief effort. In Iraq, the DART has established offices in Arbil, Baghdad, and Al Hillah, with a satellite office in Al Basrah. In addition, DART members are located in Kuwait and Cyprus, and are working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. Military Civil Affairs personnel. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* - June 16, 2003 US $ DONOR (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $64.9 April 29 U.N. agencies, ICRC, and NGOs Austria $1.1 April 1 UNICEF Bangladesh $2 April 4 Food Assi stance Belgium $4.4 April 29 ICRC, UNICEF Canada $74.6 March 26 WFP, UNICEF, UNHCR, OCHA, ICRC, NGOs China N/A March 27 Tents Czech Republic $41 May 22 UNHCR, WFP, and assistance for refugees , health, education, and reconstruction activities Croatia $2.8 May 2 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification disinfectants Denmark $54 March 8 Various European $117.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs Commission Finland $5.13 March 25 ICRC, UN OCHA, WFP France $10.7 UNICEF, WFP, NGOs Germany $50 May 5 UNHCR, WFP, ICRC Greece $4.6 May 5 UNHCR, ICRC, NGOs Iceland $3.75 April 8 ICRC, NGOs, UNCHR, WFP India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $5.1 March 31 U.N. agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Italy $16.3 April 29 Field Hospital Japan $212 May 1 U.N. Agencies, NGOs, Bilateral Assistance Jordan $10 May 5 Various Korea $10 April 3 U.N. agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait $40 March 14 UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF, ICRC, Water and Sanitation, Health Netherlands $20.5 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $2.3 April 22 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs Saudi Arabia $13.3 April 12 Medical Assistance Spain $56.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, bilateral refugee assistance, and NGOs Sweden $38 April 11 OCHA, UNICEF, ICRC, IFRC Switzerland $21.9 April 16 ICRC, UNCHR, IOM, IFRC, OCHA Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, nonfood items U.A.E. N/A April 22 Medical Assistance United $382 April 29 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, Kingdom water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE** ...................................................................................................$1,289 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from Department of State tracking of donor government pledged or committed funding. The list may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information • The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the “How Can I Help” section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. • USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. • General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> “How Can I Help?” o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Additional Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ............................................................................................................................................................$54,898,340 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $4,061,957 AirServ Logistics Countrywide $2,151,585 ARC Capacity building, Disaster support Al Basrah $542,047 The Cuny Center Research studies Countrywide $40,260 GOAL Coordination, Nutrition Al Muthanna, Dhi Qar $1,507,900 International Dispensary Association Health Countrywide $711,850 InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860 IOM IDP programs Countrywide $5,000,000 IMC Capacity building Countrywide $202,900 Logistics Commodities and DART support Countrywide $8,003,850 SCF/US NGO Consortium Countrywide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Countrywide $1,200,000 WFP Logistics and pre-positioning of food Countrywide $5,000,000 Cooperative Agreements IMC Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Nutrition, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $5,000,000 Health Al Basrah, Maysan, Wasit, Kirku k. At Tamin Health, Water/Sanitation An Nasiriyah IRC Quick-impact projects: Health, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk, Karbala, Najaf Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects: Health, Non- Food Items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk Water/Sanitation Diyala, Al Kut, Khanaqin Water/Sanitation Wasit Water/Sanitation Al Basrah SCF/US Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Shelter, Nutrition, Non-Food Items, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 Nutrition Mosul Health, Transportation Mosul Water/Sanitation Al Basrah Health Mosul Health Baghdad Nutrition Baghdad Water/Sanitation, Health Al Basrah IDP Support Al Basrah World Visi on Quick-impact projects: Health, Logistics, Non-Food Items Countrywide $2,500,000 Water/Sanitation Al Anbar Hospital Rehabilitation Al Anbar Water/Sanitation Mosul CARE Quick-impact projects Countrywide $4,000,000 Water System Rehabilitation Al Anbar Blankets, Hygiene Kits Baghdad Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 16, 2003 U.S. Government Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance to Iraq* USAID/FFP ...............................................................................................................................................................$389,333,000 WFP Operations Countrywide $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 81,500 MT Countrywide $45,633,000 WFP P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 105,000 MT Countrywide $88,700,000 WFP Regional Purchase – 330,000 MT Countrywide $200,000,000 USAID/OTI .................................................................................................................................................................$11,442,344 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $708,732 IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Umm Qasr $1,700,000 DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Baghdad, Mosul, Umm Qasr $8,473,253 Internews Media Countrywide $160,359 SAWA Media Countrywide $400,000 STATE/PRM...............................................................................................................................................................$37,630,000 UNHCR Emergency assistance Countrywide $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance Countrywide $3,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ...............................................................................................................................................................$97,700,000 ABT Health Countrywide $10,000,000 AFCAP Logistics Countrywide $8,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction Countrywide, Mosul, Arbil, Umm Qasr, Baghdad, Al Basrah $34,600,000 IRG Reconstruction Support Countrywide $9,800,000 RTI Local Governance Countrywide, Al Basrah, Baghdad $8,900,000 CAII Education Countrywide, Al Basrah $1,000,000 UNICEF Health, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $8,000,000 UNICEF Education Countrywide $1,000,000 UNESCO Textbook Printing Countrywide $1,000,000 WHO Health Countrywide, Mosul, Baghdad $10,000,000 SSA Port Management Umm Qasr $2,900,000 SkyLink Logistics Baghdad $2,500,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003................................................................................$553,373,684 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.................................................................................$37,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003................................................................$591,003,684 *Figures in funding sheet are subject to change and do not represent a final official accounting of USG obligations.