الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 9، 10 نيسان 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #9, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 April 10, 2003 Background Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI) manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the U.N. Oil-for- Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council (UNSC), that the GOI has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies under OFF that have not yet been delivered. The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis—approximately 60 percent of the total population—rely solely on food rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs. On March 20, 2003, coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF food distribution system. On March 28, the UNSC unanimously passed resolution 1472 that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq’s OFF program for 45 days (until May 12). As the U.N. takes over the OFF program, WFP’s first priority is to contact recently active suppliers able to rapidly provide food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies. NUMBERS AT A GLANCE SOURCE Internally Displaced in Iraq 22,000 concentrated near Panjwin 187,719 in Arbil* 48,665 in Dahuk* 29,439 in As Sulaymaniyah* UNOHCI (March 26, 2003) UNOHCI (April 10, 2003) UNOHCI (April 10, 2003) UNOHCI (April 10, 2003) Refugees from Iraq Old caseload refugees: 203,000 – Iran 5,100 – Saudi Arabia 250,000-300,000 – Jordan 40,000 – Syria U.S. Committee for Refugees (2001) *Estimates from April 6 U.N Office for Project Services (UN OPS) survey of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host families, and in open air. Baghdad and Baghdad Governorate On April 9, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) recovered the body of Vatche Arslanian, a Canadian ICRC delegate who had been killed by crossfire in Baghdad on April 8. ICRC plans to visit Baghdad’s Medical City Hospital on April 10, and has temporarily suspended all other activities in Baghdad. ICRC reported that the Medical City Hospital complex is still experiencing water shortages. The World Health Organization (WHO) delivered 13 metric tons (MT) of medicals supplies to Baghdad on April 9 in response to a shortage of medical supplies in the hospitals. Northern Iraq According to the U.N. Office of the Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq (UNOHCI), the security situation in the northern governorates of Dahuk, Arbil, and As Sulaymaniyah is “stable, but tense” . UNOHCI reported that food supplies remain available in markets in Arbil. Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector The U.N. Secretary General has appointed Rafeeuddin Ahmed as his Special Adviser on Iraq. Food On April 9, the first of two ships carrying 50,000 MT of Australian wheat finished off-loading 12,000 MT of cargo at a military berth in Kuwait City. The WFP Port Captain reported to the USG’s Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) that the ship will move to a commercial berth in Kuwait City to complete off-loading overnight on April 10-11. The Government of Australia (GOA) estimates that the food will assist an estimated 1.7 million vulnerable people in Iraq. The GOA reported on April 9 that it has agreed to the WFP taking over responsibility for the two ships each containing 50,000 MT of wheat currently located in Kuwait. In addition, approximately $27.2 million (AUSD 45 million) earmarked for handling and distribution of the Australian wheat has now been made available for humanitarian and reconstruction activities in Iraq. As of April 10, WFP delivered a total of 1,740 MT of wheat flour and 77 MT of dried milk to northern Iraq. This total represents the total emergency food assistance that has arrived at warehouses in northern Iraq. WFP has dispatched a total of 4,025 MT of emergency food assistance from Turkey for the region. Humanitarian Assistance According to an April 9 UNOHCI report, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) has counted 68 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Jordan, 55 of which are interested in working in Iraq during the post-conflict operation. Third-Country Nationals The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported on April 10 that more than 100 asylum seekers, third country nationals (TCNs), and mixed Syrian-Iraqi families fled across the Abu Kamal border from Iraq into Syria overnight from April 9 to 10. Since the beginning of the conflict, IOM in Syria has repatriated 257 TCNs who fled insecurity in Iraq, including 180 Sudanese, 32 Moroccans, 24 Egyptians, and one Eritrean. IOM reported on April 10 that 797 TCNs have fled Iraq into Jordan since the beginning of the conflict, and IOM has returned 547 to home countries. On April 10, 38 Moroccans, 13 Somalis, and 3 Egyptians departed IOM’s transit camp located at Ruweished near the Jordan-Iraq border. U.S. Government Response Pre-Positioning Prior to Coalition military activity in Iraq, USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) provided funding to assist U.N. and NGO preparedness activities. In addition, USAID/OFDA has pre-positioned relief commodities in three warehouses in Jordan, Kuwait, and UAE. USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) has supported WFP’s planning and preparation efforts to meet the emergency food needs of vulnerable populations in Iraq. The State Department’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) provided assistance to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and IOM to pre-position supplies for 600,000 potential Iraqi refugees and IDPs located at Iraq’s borders, to establish transit camps for TCNs fleeing Iraq, and to pre-position supplies for the transportation of refugees and other migrants. Emergency Relief The United States Government deployed a DART to the region to assess humanitarian needs and coordinate the emergency relief effort. DART members are located in Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. military Civil Affairs personnel at the Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC). USAID/OFDA is supporting NGO emergency assistance activities with quick-impact projects and IDP support. USAID/FFP has provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust to WFP to meet the food needs of vulnerable Iraqis. USAID/FFP has also provided P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to be distributed to food insecure Iraqis and cash to WFP for the purchase commodities in the region. USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) has supported IOM and Development Alternatives, Incorporated (DAI) to prepare for the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI), which supports political stabilization and community recovery activities in post-conflict Iraq. State/PRM has contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, ICRC, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and IOM. Reconstruction To date, USAID’s Bureau for Asia and the Near East (USAID/ANE) has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq. USAID/ANE has supported the U.N. Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and WHO for health, education, and water and sanitation needs, and Stevedoring Services of America (SSA) to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port. In mid-March, USAID/ANE awarded a contract to International Resources Group (IRG) to provide planning, monitoring, coordination, management, and reporting on USAID’s reconstruction and rehabilitation activities in Iraq. IRG’s services include support in a variety of sectors, including education, health, agriculture, civil society strengthening, and infrastructure. Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* The Russian Agriculture Minister reported on April 9 that Russia plans to supply approximately 500,000 MT of grain to Iraq during the next six months. DONOR US $ (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $29.6 $4.4 $5.9 March 21 March 20 ----- 100,000 MT of wheat and distribution costs U.N. Agencies and ICRC Planning and preparation funding CIDA $67.5 March 26 U.N. agencies, international organizations (IOs), NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, shelter, and health Canada $3.8 ----- Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal China March 27 Tents Republic of $2.75 April 3 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification Croatia disinfectants European Commission $22.5 April 9 ICRC, UNICEF, CARE, Première Urgence, and OCHA for medical, water and sanitation, health, and coordination. France $10.7 Humanitarian Assistance Germany $11.77 April 8 UNHCR and ICRC Ireland $0.8 March 20 U.N. Agencies for planning and preparation $15.9 Japan $100 April 9 Humanitarian Assistance Korea $10 April 3 U.N. Agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait March 24 45,000 meals/day and an emergency medical center Netherlands $19.6 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $3.3 March 20 U.N. Agencies, IOs, and NGOs for humanitarian relief Norway $21.6 March 20 NGOs for humanitarian assistance Russia March 22-23 150 MT humanitarian supplies for refugee preparation in Iran Spain $20.0 March 27 Refugee assistance in Iran, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, NFIs United $330 March 24 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, water units, Kingdom winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE**...................................................................................$684.42 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from ReliefWeb and may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the "How Can I Help" section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> "How Can I Help?" o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ...........................................................................................................................................$41,780,632 Administrative Costs Administrative $198,046 AirServ Logistics Country-wide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Country-wide $40,260 IDA Health Country-wide $711,850 IMC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 IMC Capacity building Country-wide $202,900 InterAction Coordination Country-Wide $92,860 IOM IDP programs Country-wide $5,000,000 IRC Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 Logistics Commodity prepositioning and DART support $6,300,000 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects Country-wide $3,000,000 NGOs Cooperative agreements Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US NGO Consortium Country-wide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $200,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $1,000,000 WFP Logistics and preposition of food Country-wide $5,000,000 USAID/FFP ..............................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Prepositioning funding $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT $84,000,000 P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities –105,000 MT $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ..................................................................................................................................................$2,333,612 IOM ITI Country-wide $1,700,000 DAI ITI Country-wide $473,253 Internews Media Country-wide $160,359 STATE/PRM..............................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency refugee assistance $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance $2,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ..............................................................................................................................................$30,900,000 IRG Reconstruction Support $7,100,000 UNICEF Health, Education $9,000,000 WHO Health $10,000,000 SSA Port Management $4,800,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.......................................................................$505,014,244 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................$36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.........................................................$541,644,244 *Factsheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq