الوكالة الأمريكية للتنمية — العراق: نشرة حقائق رقم 51، 23 حزيران 2003

Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #51, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 June 23, 2003 • Current Humanitarian Situation (updated twice a week) Sector Updates Coordination • The United Nations (U.N.) launched a new humanitarian appeal for Iraq on June 23, calling for an additional $259 million for relief operations until the end of the year. This is in addition to a $2.2 billion flash request that the U.N. requested in March. The U.N. increased the flash request following a range of humanitarian needs assessments and extensive consultations in Iraq. Demining • According to the U.N. Office for Project Services (UNOPS), demining activities are ongoing in 62 minefields in 43 villages in the three northern governorates of Arbil, Dahuk, and As Sulaymaniyah. UNOPS reported on June 20 that teams completed demining activities in nine minefields in As Sulaymaniyah Governorate, clearing a total of 254,214 square meters of land. In addition, from June 1 to June 19, permanent marking teams of local demining NGOs marked a total of five minefields, covering eight villages in a 386,376 square meter area in the three governorates. Food General • The U.N. World Food Program (WFP) will establish a Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping (VAM) unit in Iraq, possibly with sub-units in each of WFP’s area offices. WFP is looking to its implementing partners and possibly other NGOs with food security expertise to assist in conducting food security assessments throughout the country, with at least one NGO partner required in each governorate. In Al Basrah, WFP signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Save the Children to help to identify and assist vulnerable groups. Local Purchase • According to the U.S. Government’s Disaster Assistance response team (DART), the four southern governorates of Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Dhi Qar, and Maysan each received $5 million to purchase the local harvest from the Ministry of Trade (MOT) in Baghdad. • Coalition forces Civil Affairs (CA) personnel in Al Kut reported that the Wasit Governorate had received a $5 million payment for local purchase but the vast majority of the wheat was not meeting stringent quality testing standards. Pipeline • According to WFP, as of June 18, 902,045 metric tons (MT) of food has been dispatched into Iraq. • WFP reported on June 19 that trucks entering Iraq at the Iraq-Turkey border crossing point of Zakhu are proceeding directly to their final destination without stopping at the Dahuk Staging Point (DSP), and that WFP and the U.N. Office of the Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq (UNOHCI) are tracking the cargo to ensure that it is delivered in a timely manner. Public Distributions • The DART reported on June 19 that ration card registration continues in Babil governorate with approximately 2,900 individuals enrolled. The Babil Governorate Ration Registration Center (RRC) has been spared serious looting and has maintained all records, facilitating the registration process. • On June 20, WFP reported that Public Distribution Systems (PDS) throughout Iraq are progressing well in the third week of the PDS distributions and that cooperation with the Office of the Coalition Provisional Authority (OCPA) and the MOT, the main coordinating body of the PDS, continues to improve. However, WFP reported that insecurity persists in warehouses and silos. WFP temporarily withdrew from the Al Hurriyah warehouse, the largest warehouse in Baghdad, due to ongoing theft and unrest. WFP is working with Coalition forces to resolve the issue of security at Al Hurriyah. • WFP reported on June 20 that the hand-over of ration commodity stocks from WFP to the MOT has now been completed in the governorates of Babil, Karbala, An Najaf, Al Qadisiyah, and Wasit. WFP previously turned over commodity stocks to the MOT in Baghdad, Al Anbar, and Diyala on June 15. During the week of June 16, 12 hospitals in Baghdad received WFP food assistance through its implementing partners. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 • June food distributions are complete in the three southern governorates of Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, and Maysan. Distributions are expected to be completed in the fourth southern governorate of Dhi Qar in the coming days. Health • Oxfam reported on June 20 that it is assisting with a leishmaniasis prevention and control program in An Nasiriyah, in Dhi Qar Governorate. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of some species of sand flies. Oxfam is assisting with prevention spraying since it is sand fly-breeding season. Oxfam is also providing equipment and vocational training to primary health care clinics in An Nasiriyah to address endemic illnesses. • On June 19, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that from April 28 to June 4, a total of 73 laboratory-confirmed cholera cases were reported in Iraq: 68 in Al Basrah Governorate, 4 in Maysan Governorate, and one in Al Muthanna Governorate; however, no deaths have been reported. WHO is supporting local authorities in implementing early warning communicable disease surveillance systems in southern Iraq. The U.N. Children’s Fund (UNICEF) is supporting the initiative by providing health education materials in Arabic and with USAID support, chlorine to all health directorates. Improving water quality is an ongoing challenge since the relatively poor condition of the piped water system and leakage in the pipes make it difficult to maintain chlorine content at the levels required at the taps. Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) • The visit by USAID’s Assistant Administrator for the Bureau of Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance (DCHA) to several internally displaced persons (IDP) camps around Arbil and Kirkuk has brought renewed attention to the situation of previously displaced Kurdish IDPs. In addition, the DART has received several reports of increased numbers of new Arab IDPs moving from the northern governorates of At’ Tamim and Arbil into the Diyala Governorate. Returning Kurds, attempting to retake their previously confiscated homes, have been reportedly displacing the Arabs. Many of these new IDPs are clustered in a series of abandoned military camps along the road from As Sulaymaniyah to Ba'qubah in Diyala. Water and Sanitation • As of June 19, UNICEF has delivered 135 million liters of clean water to beneficiaries in southern Iraq since late March. UNICEF brings an average of between 2 and 2.5 million liters of water a day in water tankers from Kuwait. UNICEF also reported that local tankering from the Umm Qasr port is averaging 30 tankers per day. Current Reconstruction Situation (updated twice a week) Sector Updates Water and Sanitation • USAID’s Mission in Baghdad infrastructure advisor reported that steps taken by a number of organizations such as Coalition Forces and various NGOs, and coordinated by the Baghdad city water authorities and the Army Corps of Engineers, have averted an immediate water crisis in Baghdad. These steps included repairing over 130 different critical water breaks. Fuel • According to the Humanitarian Assistance Coordination Center (HACC) in Kuwait, the greatest threat to the stability and security in Wasit Governorate is the lack of an operating budget for a governorate of 700,000 people to pay new and non-civil service employees. Local officials developed a solution that calls for proceeds from gasoline and LPG (propane) sales to be used by local governorates for operating costs until a more efficient and effective procedure is developed at the central level in Baghdad. Infrastructure Communications • USAID’s private sector partner Bechtel will be implementing emergency repairs to Iraq’s communication network. Repairs will likely include reconstructing the country’s fiber optic backbone running from north of Mosul, into Baghdad, through An Nasiriyah, and ending in Umm Qasr. A total of 2,000 kilometers of fiber cable will be required to complete the project. The project is expected to take three-months to complete in cooperation with the Iraqi Telephone and Postal Commission (ITPC) and will allow inter-city calling in Iraq. The cost of the fiber optic project is expected to be $9 million. A second project will partially reconstruct the public switching network in Baghdad that was severely damaged in the conflict. Ten out of 33 switches were damaged and only a third of communications lines in Baghdad are operating. There are 280,000 inoperable lines that are mostly in Baghdad’s city center. Bechtel will install four switches for local access and one switch for international calling. The four local switches will allow for 120,000 telephone lines to become operable. The cost of this project is expected to be $36 million. Electricity • On June 18, power generation output throughout Iraq was 3,133 megawatts, a drop of 9 percent from the level of the previous week. Hotter summer weather lowered generation output, and mechanical problems were encountered at key electrical generating plants. The goal is to reach 4,400 megawatts by mid-July, which was Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 Iraq’s peak electrical generation during last summer. Electrical generation for Baghdad consumption was 1,130 megawatts, allowing distribution around the city for three hours on and three hours off. The goal is to have power generation for Baghdad consumption reach 2,200 megawatts by mid-July, which is sufficient for electrical service between 20 and 24 hours per day. Umm Qasr Port General • USAID’s port advisor reports that the priority is still given for humanitarian assistance cargo when it comes to berthing and discharging during port congestion. Although no customs duty is being implemented, the customs authority is checking all manifests for contraband goods. Security • USAID’s private sector partner, the Stevedoring Services of America (SSA), reported that at approximately 0700 hours local time on June 21, the Spanish hospital ship Galacia got underway from the old port of Umm Qasr. SSA staff arrived at the old port at approximately 0920 hours local time for a site inspection and found upwards of 50 looters, mainly young adults between the ages of 13 and 22, breaking into containers and warehouses in the vicinity of the Galacia's berth. The U.K. Quick Reaction Force (QRF) and a U.S. Military Police (MP) unit were mobilized to assist the SSA and port staff. The looters scattered when the MPs arrived. A handful of young adults fleeing towards the port fence line were apprehended and later released since they were not carrying any looted items. Local Governance • On June 19, USAID conducted a public sector consultation in Washington, D.C. regarding its work in the local governance sector in Iraq. Representatives from implementing partners who have been in the field spoke on implementation efforts during the past six weeks. A live web cast with transcript is available on USAID’s web page. This is one of a series of public consultations intended to highlight reconstruction efforts to date. U.S. Government Response (New information is underlined) Emergency Relief • USAID’s Office of U. S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) is supporting U.N. and NGO emergency assistance activities through quick-impact projects and internally displaced persons (IDP) support. USAID/OFDA supports projects in the sectors of agriculture, food security, health, logistics, nutrition, shelter, and water and sanitation. • USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) is providing emergency food commodities through the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust (BEHT) and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. • The Department of State’s Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration (State/PRM) contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and IOM. • USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) is supporting the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI). The ITI program supports the process of political stabilization and community recovery in post- conflict Iraq by providing small grants designed to build confidence among Iraq's diverse ethnic groups, increase citizen participation in decision-making, and rapidly respond to community needs, while establishing and building trust for long term reconstruction efforts. The ITI program is implemented through Development Alternatives International (DAI) and IOM. In addition, USAID/OTI works with the Broadcasting Board of Governors to enhance the capacity of Radio SAWA to broadcast humanitarian and reconstruction reporting. • On June 19, USAID/OTI monitored the delivery of office furniture to the Central Fire Station in Kirkuk. Through implementing partner Development Alternatives International (DAI), USAID/OTI is repairing and refurbishing the Fire Station that was damaged by looting. USAID Administrator Andrew S. Natsios unveiled a plaque during his visit to the Fire Station on June 21. • USAID/OFDA’s implementing partner, the International Medical Corps (IMC), is working with the Government Support Team (GST) in Al Kut to implement quick impact, health related projects. IMC has pledged $300 for repairs to the two generators at the Al Kut Drug Warehouse and is obtaining estimates for repairs to the Al Kut Medical Oxygen Company from the Baghdad Oxygen Repair Parts Company. Reconstruction • In addition to the emergency relief assistance provided through the DART by USAID and the Department of State, USAID’s Asia and Near East Bureau (USAID/ANE) has provided timely assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq in a broad range of sectors. USAID supports reconstruction projects in education, governance, health, and infrastructure. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 • USAID’s private sector partner, Bechtel, is working with the Iraq water authority on a project that will increase the water capacity through the eastern side of Baghdad (the Rusafa water system) by 200 million liters per day, increasing the flow that is generated in that part of the system from 580 million liters per day to 780 million liters per day. This increase should maintain Baghdad’s current water capacity and quality throughout the summer. • USAID’s private sector partner Cooperative Housing Foundation’s (CHF) chief of party and support staff are now based in Al Hillah. CHF intends to operate in the governorates of Al Anbar, Karbala, and Babil governorates. Their program is expected to begin by mid-July. • USAID private sector partner, Research Triangle Institute (RTI), reported that construction as part of the RTI rapid grant to al-Ma`qil Clinic in Al Basrah is proceeding on schedule, with an anticipated completion date of early in the week of June 23. • USAID’s private sector partners Bechtel and Creative Associates International are collaborating on identifying schools in low-income communities in Al Basrah for reconstruction and refurbishment. A cluster of 18 schools will be identified and refurbished. • USAID partner International Relief and Development Inc. (IRD) created one Community Association in Baghdad and completed two projects consisting of garbage removal from a community since mobilizing two weeks ago. Seventy Iraqis were hired and 30 volunteers took part in the first project. The second project was the removal of waste from a primary school and the repair of a sewerage pumping station. Background • Since 1991, the Iraqi population has subsisted on the brink of a humanitarian disaster due to the lingering effects of war, sanctions, and drought. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. • In 1996, the Government of Iraq accepted the U.N. Oil-for-Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. Revenues from the OFF program provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis through the Public Distribution System. However, widespread corruption by Iraqi officials limited the effectiveness of the OFF program. • On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. On May 1, 2003, 42 days after the conflict began, U.S. President George W. Bush announced that major combat operations in Iraq had ended. Although the recent conflict did not result in the large-scale humanitarian crisis and widespread displacement many had envisioned, the conflict and subsequent disorder have exacerbated the Iraqi population's vulnerable circumstances. • In March 2003, the United States Government deployed a multi-agency Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) to the region to assess and respond to humanitarian needs and to help coordinate the emergency relief effort. In Iraq, the DART established offices in Arbil, Baghdad, and Al Hillah, with a satellite office in Al Basrah. In addition, DART members were also located in Kuwait and Cyprus, and worked closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. Military Civil Affairs personnel. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* US $ DONOR (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $64.9 April 29 U.N. agencies, ICRC, and NGOs Austria $1.1 April 1 UNICEF Bangladesh $2 April 4 Food Assistance Belgium $4.4 April 29 ICRC, UNICEF Canada $74.6 March 26 WFP, UNICEF, UNHCR, OCHA, ICRC, NGOs China N/A March 27 Tents Czech Republic $41 May 22 UNHCR, WFP, and assistance for refugees, health, education, and reconstruction activities Croatia $2.8 May 2 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification disinfectants Denmark $54 March 8 Various European $117.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs Commission Finland $5.13 March 25 ICRC, UN OCHA, WFP France $10.7 UNICEF, WFP, NGOs Germany $50 May 5 UNHCR, WFP, ICRC Greece $4.6 May 5 UNHCR, ICRC, NGOs Iceland $3.75 April 8 ICRC, NGOs, UNCHR, WFP India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $5.1 March 31 U.N. agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Italy $16.3 April 29 Field Hospital Japan $212 May 1 U.N. Agencies, NGOs, Bilateral Assistance Jordan $10 May 5 Various Korea $10 April 3 U.N. agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait $40 March 14 UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF, ICRC, Water and Sanitation, Health Netherlands $20.5 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $2.3 April 22 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs Saudi Arabia $13.3 April 12 Medical Assistance Spain $56.7 April 22 U.N. agencies, bilateral refugee assistance, and NGOs Sweden $38 April 11 OCHA, UNICEF, ICRC, IFRC Switzerland $21.9 April 16 ICRC, UNCHR, IOM, IFRC, OCHA Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, nonfood items U.A.E. N/A April 22 Medical Assistance United $382 April 29 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, Kingdom water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE** ............................................................................................ $1,289 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from Department of State tracking of donor government pledged or committed funding. The list may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information • The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the “How Can I Help” section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. • USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. • General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> “How Can I Help?” o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Additional Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ........................................................................................................................................... $54,898,340 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $4,061,957 AirServ Logistics Countrywide $2,151,585 ARC Capacity building, Disaster support Al Basrah $542,047 The Cuny Center Research studies Countrywide $40,260 GOAL Coordination, Nutrition Al Muthanna, Dhi Qar $1,507,900 International Dispensary Association Health Countrywide $711,850 InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860 IOM IDP programs Countrywide $5,000,000 IMC Capacity building Countrywide $202,900 Logistics Commodities and DART support Countrywide $8,003,850 SCF/US NGO Consortium Countrywide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Countrywide $1,200,000 WFP Logistics and pre-positioning of food Countrywide $5,000,000 Cooperative Agreements IMC Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Nutrition, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $5,000,000 Health Al Basrah, Maysan, Wasit, Kirkuk, At’ Tamin Health, Water/Sanitation An Nasiriyah IRC Quick-impact projects: Health, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk, Karbala, Najaf Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects: Health, Non- Food Items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk Water/Sanitation Diyala, Al Kut, Khanaqin Water/Sanitation Wasit Water/Sanitation Al Basrah SCF/US Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Shelter, Nutrition, Non-Food Items, Water/Sanitation Countrywide $4,000,000 Nutrition Mosul Health, Transportation Mosul Water/Sanitation Al Basrah Health Mosul Health Baghdad Nutrition Baghdad Water/Sanitation, Health Al Basrah IDP Support Al Basrah World Vision Quick-impact projects: Health, Logistics, Non-Food Items Countrywide $2,500,000 Water/Sanitation Al Anbar Hospital Rehabilitation Al Anbar Water/Sanitation Mosul CARE Quick-impact projects Countrywide $4,000,000 Water System Rehabilitation Al Anbar Blankets, Hygiene Kits Baghdad Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet - June 23, 2003 U.S. Government Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance to Iraq* USAID/FFP .............................................................................................................................................. $389,333,000 WFP Operations Countrywide $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 81,500 MT Countrywide $45,633,000 WFP P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 105,300 MT Countrywide $88,700,000 WFP Regional Purchase – 330,000 MT Countrywide $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ................................................................................................................................................ $11,442,344 Administrative Administrative Costs Countrywide $708,732 IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Umm Qasr $1,700,000 DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Countrywide, Baghdad, Mosul, Umm Qasr $8,473,253 Internews Media Countrywide $160,359 SAWA Media Countrywide $400,000 STATE/PRM.............................................................................................................................................. $37,630,000 UNHCR Emergency assistance Countrywide $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance Countrywide $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance Countrywide $3,630,000 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ............................................................................................................................................ $306,064,079 ABT Health Countrywide $11,995,000 AFCAP Logistics Countrywide $8,000,000 Army Corps of Engineers Architecture and Engineering services Countrywide $3,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction Countrywide, Mosul, Arbil, Umm Qasr, Baghdad, Al Basrah $148,000,000 Community Action Program Capacity Building Countrywide $35,000,000 IRG Reconstruction Support Countrywide $9,786,094 RTI Local Governance Countrywide, Al Basrah, Baghdad $19,611,000 CAII Education Countrywide, Al Basrah $22,853,000 UNICEF Health, Water and Sanitation Countrywide $20,000,000 UNICEF Education Countrywide $7,000,000 UNESCO Textbook Printing Countrywide $1,000,000 WHO Health Countrywide, Mosul, Baghdad $10,000,000 SSA Port Management Umm Qasr $4,818,985 SkyLink Logistics Baghdad $5,000,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ....................................................................... $761,737,763 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................ $37,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003......................................................... $799,367,763 *Figures in funding sheet are subject to change and do not represent a final official accounting of USG obligations.