USAID Iraq: Fact sheet no. 22, 29 April 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #22, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 April 29, 2003 Background • Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI) manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the U.N. Oil-for- Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. • Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. • Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council (UNSC), that the GOI has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies under OFF that have not yet been delivered. • The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis —approximately 60 percent of the total population—rely solely on food rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs. • On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF food distribution system. On March 28, the UNSC unanimously passed resolution 1472 that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq’s OFF program for 45 days (until May 12). As the U.N. takes over the OFF program, WFP’s first priority is to contact recently active suppliers able to rapidly provide food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies. NUMBERS AT A GLANCE SOURCE Internally Displaced in Iraq • 3,414 in Arbil* • 6,379 in Dahuk* • 54 in As Sulaymaniyah* • 3,000 in Badrah • 1,000 at Al Karama border with Jordan UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 16, 2003) UNOHCI (April 17, 2003) UNHCR (April 20, 2003) Refugees from Iraq • 94 – Jordan Old caseload refugees: • 203,000 – Iran • 5,100 – Saudi Arabia • 250,000-300,000 – Jordan • 40,000 – Syria UNHCR (April 22, 2003) U.S. Committee for Refugees (2001) • *Estimates of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host families, and in open air. Southern Iraq • According the USAID mission, the Al Basrah oil refinery restarted operations April 29. During this week, it will begin refining propane, benzene, and gasoline. Propane is the principal fuel for cooking in Iraq and its availability will alleviate earlier concerns of propane shortages. Western Iraq • On April 28, the United States Government’s Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) conducted an assessment of the village of Anah, located northwest of Ar Ramadi. The DART determined that electricity, the water system, and the Public Distribution System (PDS) are functional, and the health center was in good condition with full staff and adequate supplies to meet emergency needs. Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector Agriculture • An American Civil Affairs unit recently deployed 30 personnel to conduct rapid agricultural assessments. These assessments may assist USAID and other donors in developing tactical and strategic interventions to improve agricultural output and stimulate rural economic development. In addition, the assessments should shorten the amount of time USAID will need to devote to early phase implementation activities, including assessments. Food • The Yellow Rose finished discharging its cargo of 28,500 metric tons (MT) of Emerson Trust wheat on April 28 in Mersin, Turkey. The Free Atlas, also carrying 28,500 MT of Emerson Trust wheat, is scheduled to arrive in Al Aqabah, Jordan on April 30. On May 1, the Rise is scheduled to arrive at the Port of Umm Qasr, Iraq. The Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 29, 2003 ship contains locally procured rice from Pakistan purchased with part of a U.S. donation of $200 million to WFP. Population Movements • According to the U.N. Office of the Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq (UNOHCI) on April 29, an additional 72 people entered the no man's land between Jordan and Iraq on April 28. The total dis placed population in the area has reached 1032 people, including 924 Iranian Kurds, 35 Iranian-Persians, and 73 Arabs. The U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) continues to provide assistance for displaced populations. Water/Sanitation • On April 29, USAID reported that repairs have improved the efficiency of two m ajor water plants in Al Basrah from a pre-war level of 35 percent to 80 percent or greater. This has resulted in increased water flow to customers, but may not have broadened the distribution base. On April 29, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that those who do not have access to the piped water are, in some cases, collecting water from the Tigris River. • According to the Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC) spokesperson in Kuwait, water in Baghdad is reported to be flowing to 85 percent of the city. The water, however, is not potable by American or British standards, but is of an equivalent quality to that provided prior to the conflict. U.S. Government Response Deployment • The United States Government deployed a DART to the region to assess and respond to humanitarian needs and to help coordinate the emergency relief effort. DART members are located in Iraq, Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. Military Civil Affairs personnel at the Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC). A portion of the DART has deployed to Arbil, and other DART members are preparing to establish an office in southern Iraq in early May. • USAID deployed staff to the region to prepare for reconstruction efforts. Several USAID administrative, health, and education staff have relocated to the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance’s (ORHA) Baghdad compound, with the remainder in Kuwait. USAID is assisting government ministries in becoming operational and public services to get restarted in Baghdad. Emergency Relief • USAID/OFDA is supporting U.N. and NGO emergency assistance activities through quick-impact projects and IDP support. USAID/OFDA supports projects in the sectors of agriculture, food security, health, logistics, nutrition, shelter, and water/sanitation. • USAID/FFP provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. • USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) is supporting the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI). The ITI program supports the process of political stabilization and community recovery in post- conflict Iraq by providing small grants designed to build confidence among Iraq's diverse ethnic groups, increase citizen participation in decision-making, and rapidly respond to community needs, while establishing and building trust for long term reconstruction efforts. • State/PRM contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Reconstruction • USAID/ANE has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq in a broad range of sectors. USAID/ANE has provided grants to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and WHO for health, education, and water and sanitation activities. USAID/ANE has signed contracts with Stevedoring Services of America (SSA) to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port, Creative Associates International to address education issues, the Research Triangle Institute to pursue local governance initiatives, and the Air Force Contract Augmentation Program (AFCAP) to provide logistical support to all USAID/ANE operations. USAID/ANE has also issued a contract to Bechtel for infrastructure repair and rehabilitation. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 29, 2003 Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* US $ DONOR (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $62.5 April 22 100,000 MT of wheat, U.N. agencies, ICRC, and NGOs CIDA $67.5 March 26 U.N. agencies, international organizations (IOs), NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, shelter, and health Canada $3.8 ----- Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal China March 27 Tents Republic of $2.75 April 3 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification disinfectants Croatia European $109.8 April 22 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs Commission Finland $1.7 March 25 ICRC and UN OCHA France $10.7 Humanitarian Assistance Germany $11.77 April 8 UNHCR and ICRC Greece $4.3 April 4 U.N. agencies and NGOs India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $55.3 April 15 U.N. agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Japan $100 April 9 Humanitarian Assistance Korea $10 April 3 U.N. agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait March 24 45,000 meals/day and an emergency medical center Netherlands $19.6 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $3.3 March 20 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs for humanitarian relief Norway $21.6 March 20 NGOs for humanitarian assistance Russia March 22-23 150 MT humanitarian supplies for refugee preparation in Iran Spain $58.6 April 22 U.N. agencies, bilateral refugee assistance, and NGOs Sweden $5.4 March 27 Switzerland $21.5 April 16 ICRC Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, nonfood items United Kingdom $330 March 24 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE** .....................................................................................................$ 924.4 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from donor government web sites and may represent pledged or committed funding. The list may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information • The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the “How Can I Help” section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. • USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. • General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> “How Can I Help?” o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 29, 2003 U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONST RUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ............................................................................................................................................................$51,232,905 Administrative CostsAdministrative $3,406,209 AirServ Logistics Country-wide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Country-wide $40,260 IDA Health Country-wide $711,850 IMC Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Nutrition, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $4,000,000 IMC Capacity building Country-wide $202,900 InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860 IOM IDP programs Country-wide $5,000,000 IRC Quick-impact projects: Health, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $3,000,000 Logistics Commodities and DART support Country-wide $8,044,110 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects: Health, Non- Food Items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Kirkuk, Country-wide $3,000,000 NGOs Cooperative agreements Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Shelter, Nutrition, Non-Food Items, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $4,000,000 SCF/US NGO Consortium Country-wide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UNICEF Water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $200,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $1,000,000 WFP Logistics and pre-positioning of food Country-wide $5,000,000 World Vision Quick-impact projects: Health, Logistics, Non-Food Items Country-wide $2,500,000 USAID/FFP ...............................................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Pre-positioning funding $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT $84,000,000 P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 105,000 MT $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ................................................................................................................................................................... $2,333,612 IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Country-wide $1,700,000 DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Country-wide $473,253 Internews Media Country-wide $160,359 STATE/PRM...............................................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency refugee assistance $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance $2,630,000 Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – April 29, 2003 U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONST RUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ...............................................................................................................................................................$78,400,000 AFCAP Logistics $4,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction $34,600,000 IRG Reconstruction Support $7,100,000 RTI Local Governance $7,900,000 CAII Education $1,000,000 UNICEF Health $8,000,000 UNICEF Education $1,000,000 WHO Health $10,000,000 SSA Port Management $4,800,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003................................................................................$561,966,517 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003.................................................................................$36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003................................................................$598,596,517