USAID Iraq: Fact sheet no. 25, 2 May 2003

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Iraq – Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet #25, Fiscal Year (FY) 2003 May 2, 2003 Background Humanitarian conditions have deteriorated in Iraq since the 1990 invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent Government of Iraq (GOI) manipulation of international sanctions. In 1996, the GOI accepted the U.N. Oil-for- Food Program (OFF), after which humanitarian conditions improved. Between 1991 and 1996, the U.S. Government provided nearly $794 million in humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) in northern Iraq. Since 1996, revenues from OFF have provided food, medicine, and other civilian goods to assist vulnerable Iraqis. U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan noted in a letter to the U.N. Security Council (UNSC), that the GOI has ordered and paid for food, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies under OFF that have not yet been delivered. The World Food Program (WFP) estimates that 16 million Iraqis—approximately 60 percent of the total population—rely solely on food rations distributed through OFF in order to meet household needs. On March 20, 2003, Coalition forces began military operations in Iraq. As a result of the conflict, the U.N. Secretary General suspended the OFF food distribution system. On March 28, the UNSC unanimously passed resolution 1472 that allows the U.N. to administer Iraq’s OFF program for 45 days. On April 24, the U.N. Security Council approved an extension of WFP's management of the Oil-for-Food program from May 12 until June 3. NUMBERS AT A GLANCE SOURCE Internally Displaced in Iraq 87 in Arbil* 1,817 in Dahuk* 1,029 at Jordanian border (No Man’s Land) UNOHCI (April 29, 2003) UNOHCI (April 29, 2003) IOM (April 30, 2003) Refugees from Iraq 717 – Jordan Old caseload refugees: 204,000 – Iran 17,000 – Saudi Arabia (Urban) 5,200 – Saudi Arabia (Rafha) 250,000-300,000 – Jordan 60,000 – 70,000 – Syria IOM (April 30, 2003) UNHCR (April 2003) *Estimates of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in public buildings, with host families, and in open air. Northern Iraq On May 1, Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) members observed a U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) food distribution to 2,000 Iranian refugees and asylum seekers in Arbil. At the request of UNHCR, the Coalition provided 42,000 Humanitarian Daily Rations to feed the refugees and asylum seekers for 21 days. Western Iraq The DART reports that two new third country nationals (TCNs) and 23 new refugees entered Jordan on April 30. The two TCNs entered the TCN camp. Meanwhile, a total of 717 people remained in the refugee camp. On April 30, 1,029 people remained in the no man’s land. Of this total, 927 were Iranian Kurds, 25 were other Iranians, and 77 were Arabs. On May 1, World Vision made its first delivery of relief assistance inside Iraq by transporting medicines and relief supplies to Ar Rutbah in Al Anbar governorate. The town hospital was completely destroyed during the first few days of the conflict. A team of three World Vision relief staff provided medical supplies, blankets, plastic sheeting, and jerry cans to the doctors of Ar Rutbah hospital. Current Humanitarian Situation by Sector Food On May 2, the “Rise,” a WFP vessel, docked at the Port of Umm Qasr. The ship contains 14,000 metric tons (MT) of locally procured rice from Pakistan purchased with part of the U.S. donation of $200 million to WFP. The emergency food cargo will be offloaded at a rate of 1,000 MT per day and distributed to the Iraqi people through the Public Distribution System (PDS). Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – May 2, 2003 WFP is facing a logistical challenge in moving more than 487,000 MT of food per month into Iraq to feed nearly 26 million people. Approximately 237,000 MT of the monthly requirement is wheat flour, 55 percent of which needs to be milled prior to distribution. In order to avoid bottlenecks on roadways and in ports, WFP is establishing three distribution hubs in the governorates of Baghdad, Al Basrah, and Ninawa’, where 70 percent of Iraq’s storage capacity and 57 percent of the milling capacity are located. As of May 1, WFP has ceased convoys from Turkey and Syria to Kirkuk until additional warehouses can be secured. As of April 29, WFP has moved 69,700 MT of emergency food aid into Iraq from WFP logistics hubs in the region. Education After a six-week closure, one of the first primary schools in Baghdad reopened on April 29. Approximately 30 percent of the 1,300 students enrolled returned. Attendance is expected to increase rapidly as word spreads that the school is open. On May 2, USAID grantee Creative Associates International, Inc. has begun to procure school kits to support 1 million students and 28,000 teachers. The kits include very basic supplies such as, pencils, notebooks, chalkboards, crayons, etc. U.S. Government Response (new information is underlined) Deployment The United States Government deployed a multi-agency DART to the region to assess and respond to humanitarian needs and to help coordinate the emergency relief effort. DART members are located in Iraq, Kuwait, Turkey, Jordan, Cyprus, and Qatar and are working closely with U.N. agencies, NGOs, and in coordination with U.S. Military Civil Affairs personnel at the Humanitarian Operations Center (HOC). DART offices will also be established in Al Basrah. USAID deployed staff to the region to prepare for reconstruction efforts. Several USAID administrative, health, and education staff have relocated to the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance’s (ORHA) Baghdad compound, with the remainder in Kuwait. USAID is assisting government ministries in becoming operational and public services to get restarted in Baghdad. Emergency Relief USAID/OFDA is supporting U.N. and NGO emergency assistance activities through quick-impact projects and IDP support. USAID/OFDA supports projects in the sectors of agriculture, food security, health, logistics, nutrition, shelter, and water/sanitation. USAID’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) provided emergency food commodities through the Emerson Trust and P.L. 480 Title II emergency food assistance to WFP for distribution to food insecure Iraqis. WFP also received a cash contribution from USAID/FFP for the purchase of commodities in the region. USAID's Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) is supporting the implementation of the Iraq Transition Initiative (ITI). The ITI program supports the process of political stabilization and community recovery in post- conflict Iraq by providing small grants designed to build confidence among Iraq's diverse ethnic groups, increase citizen participation in decision-making, and rapidly respond to community needs, while establishing and building trust for long term reconstruction efforts. The ITI program is implemented through Development Alternatives Incorporated (DAI) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). State/PRM contributed assistance for the pre-positioning and emergency response activities of UNHCR, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Reconstruction USAID/ANE has provided assistance for reconstruction activities in Iraq in a broad range of sectors. USAID/ANE has provided grants to the U.N. Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) for health, education, and water and sanitation activities. USAID/ANE has signed contracts with Stevedoring Services of America (SSA) to assess and manage the Umm Qasr port, Creative Associates International to address education issues, the Research Triangle Institute to pursue local governance initiatives, and the Air Force Contract Augmentation Program (AFCAP) to provide logistical support to all USAID/ANE operations. USAID/ANE has also issued a contract to Bechtel for infrastructure repair and rehabilitation. On April 30, USAID/ANE awarded a $10 million health-strengthening contract to Abt Associates Inc. for the rapid normalization of health services in Iraq. The USAID-contractor will work closely with the Iraqi Ministry of Health at the national, regional, and local levels. Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – May 2, 2003 Other Donor and International Organization Assistance* DONOR US $ (MILLIONS) DATE (2003) ASSISTANCE SNAPSHOT Australia $62.5 April 22 U.N. agencies, ICRC, and NGOs CIDA $67.5 March 26 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, NGOs, CARE Canada for water and sanitation, food, shelter, and health Canada $3.8 ----- Response to U.N. Preparedness Measures Appeal China March 27 Tents Republic of $2.75 April 3 Blankets, sleeping bags, flour, sugar, water purification disinfectants Croatia European $109.8 April 22 U.N. agencies, IOs, and NGOs Commission Finland $1.7 March 25 ICRC, UN OCHA, WFP France $10.7 Humanitarian Assistance Germany $11.77 April 8 UNHCR, WFP, ICRC Greece $4.3 April 4 U.N. agencies and NGOs Iceland $3.75 April 8 ICRC, NGOs, UNCHR, WFP India $20 April 4 WFP and U.N. Consolidated Appeal Ireland $55.3 April 15 U.N. agencies and NGOs for humanitarian assistance Japan $100 April 9 WFP, vehicles, Bilateral Assistance Korea $10 April 3 U.N. agencies and Korean NGOs Kuwait March 24 Food assistance and an emergency medical center Netherlands $19.6 April 2 U.N. Consolidated Appeal and ICRC New Zealand $3.3 March 20 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs Norway $21.6 March 20 WFP, NGOs for humanitarian assistance Russia March 23 Assistance for refugees. Spain $58.6 April 22 U.N. agencies, bilateral refugee assistance, and NGOs Sweden $5.4 March 27 Switzerland $21.5 April 16 ICRC Taiwan $4.3 March 27 Refugee assistance – food, medicine, nonfood items United Kingdom $330 March 24 U.N. agencies including WFP, IOs, and NGOs – food, health kits, water units, winter supply kits, primary health, IDP assistance OTHER DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO DATE** ..............................................................................................$ 928.2 MILLION *This compilation was drawn from donor government web sites and may represent pledged or committed funding. The list may not be comprehensive. ** This total is approximate as the value of donated commodities is not available in some cases. Public Donation Information The most effective way people can assist relief efforts is by making cash donations to humanitarian organizations that are conducting relief operations. A list of humanitarian organizations that are accepting cash donations for their activities in the Gulf can be found in the “How Can I Help” section at [www.usaid.gov/iraq]. USAID encourages cash donations because they: allow aid professionals to procure the exact items needed (often in the affected region); reduce the burden on scarce resources (such as staff time, warehouse space, etc); can be transferred very quickly and without transportation costs; support the economy of the disaster-stricken region; ensure culturally, dietary, and environmentally appropriate assistance. General information on making donations and volunteering can be found at: o USAID: www.usaid.gov/iraq -> “How Can I Help?” o The Center for International Disaster Information: www.cidi.org or 703-276-1914 o InterAction: www.interaction.org -> “Guide to Appropriate Giving” o Information on relief activities of the humanitarian community can be found at www.reliefweb.org. *Fact Sheets can be obtained from the USAID web site at http://www.usaid.gov/iraq Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – May 2, 2003 U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 EMERGENCY RELIEF USAID/OFDA ...........................................................................................................................................$51,232,905 Administrative Administrative Costs $3,406,209 AirServ Logistics Country-wide $2,151,585 The Cuny Center Research studies Country-wide $40,260 IDA Health Country-wide $711,850 InterAction Coordination Kuwait City $92,860 IOM IDP programs Country-wide $5,000,000 IMC Capacity building Country-wide $202,900 Logistics Commodities and DART support Country-wide $8,044,110 SCF/US NGO Consortium Country-wide $883,131 UNICEF Health, nutrition, water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UNICEF Water/sanitation Country-wide $2,000,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $200,000 UN OCHA Coordination and Information Country-wide $1,000,000 WFP Logistics and pre-positioning of food Country-wide $5,000,000 Cooperative Agreements IMC Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Nutrition, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $4,000,000 Health Al Basrah, Maysan, and Wasit Health, Water/Sanitation An Nasiriyah IRC Quick-impact projects: Health, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $3,000,000 Mercy Corps Quick-impact projects: Health, Non- Food Items, Shelter, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $3,000,000 Water/Sanitation Kirkuk SCF/US Quick-impact projects: Food Security, Health, Shelter, Nutrition, Non-Food Items, Water/Sanitation Country-wide $4,000,000 World Vision Quick-impact projects: Health, Logistics, Non-Food Items Country-wide $2,500,000 Other NGOs Quick-impact projects Country-wide $4,000,000 USAID/FFP ..............................................................................................................................................$430,000,000 WFP Pre-positioning funding Country-wide $55,000,000 WFP Emerson Trust – 161,000 MT Country-wide $84,000,000 WFP P.L. 480 Title II emergency food commodities – 105,000 MT Country-wide $91,000,000 WFP Regional Purchase Country-wide $200,000,000 USAID/OTI ..................................................................................................................................................$5,042,344 Administrative Administrative Costs Country-wide $708,732 IOM Iraq Transition Initiative Country-wide $1,700,000 DAI Iraq Transition Initiative Country-wide $2,473,253 Internews Media Country-wide $160,359 STATE/PRM..............................................................................................................................................$36,630,000 UNHCR Emergency refugee assistance $21,000,000 ICRC Emergency assistance $10,000,000 IFRC Emergency assistance $3,000,000 IOM TCN – transportation assistance $2,630,000 Iraq Humanitarian and Reconstruction Assistance Fact Sheet – May 2, 2003 U.S. GOVERNMENT HUMANITARIAN AND RECONSTRUCTION ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ Agency Implementing Partner Sector Regions Amount FY 2003 RECONSTRUCTION USAID/ANE ..............................................................................................................................................$78,400,000 ABT Health $10,000,000 AFCAP Logistics $4,000,000 Bechtel Capital Construction $34,600,000 IRG Reconstruction Support $7,100,000 RTI Local Governance $7,900,000 CAII Education $1,000,000 UNICEF Health $8,000,000 UNICEF Education $1,000,000 WHO Health $10,000,000 SSA Port Management $4,800,000 TOTAL USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003....................................................................... $574,675,249 TOTAL STATE ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003 ........................................................................ $36,630,000 TOTAL STATE/USAID ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ IN FY 2003......................................................... $611,305,249